ESPR Knowledge Base
In-depth guides on EU regulations, compliance requirements, and implementation strategies.
What is a DPP?
Definitions, differences between barcodes and GS1 Digital Link, how DPP works.
What is a Digital Product Passport (DPP)? Complete Guide
Learn what a Digital Product Passport is, how it works, and how the EU is rolling it out across ESPR and sector-specific product laws.
DPP Data Requirements: What Data You Actually Need
A practical guide to Digital Product Passport data requirements: product identity, materials, sustainability, repair, traceability, and what varies by sector.
GS1 Digital Link for DPP: GTIN URLs, QR Codes and ESPR
Learn how GTIN, batch and serial data become DPP URLs, what to print in QR codes, and what ESPR does and does not require today.
JRC145830 DPP Data Classification: What to Prepare First
How JRC145830 helps prioritise DPP data, and why its research categories do not create legal obligations.
ESPR Regulations & Deadlines
Penalties, deadlines, manufacturer and importer obligations under ESPR.
Common Specifications: The EU's Fallback Plan for DPP Standards
What common specifications are, when they apply, how they differ from harmonised standards, and why they matter for the DPP timeline.
ESPR Non-Compliance Penalties: Fines, Withdrawal, Import Bans
What happens if a required DPP is missing or incorrect: national fines, product withdrawal, import bans and market-surveillance steps under ESPR.
ESPR, Battery Regulation and CBAM Explained
A practical guide to how ESPR, the Battery Regulation, CBAM, and CSDDD connect, where they differ, and what data EU manufacturers should prepare now.
DPP and EU Customs: How Border Checks Will Work
What is already confirmed about DPP at the EU border, what remains open, and how importers should prepare now.
PPWR, DPP and EPR: The EU Packaging Regulation Explained
Learn how PPWR connects packaging labelling, EPR and the Digital Product Passport, and what it requires from companies selling in the EU.
How to Get Started
Step by step: from identifier strategy to data carriers and passport records.
How to Create a DPP: Step-by-Step Guide for Manufacturers
Step-by-step Digital Product Passport guide: identifiers, data carriers and ESPR readiness for manufacturers and importers.
Beyond Compliance: The DPP as a Business Tool
For products subject to DPP rules, clear product pages and lawful voluntary services can create value beyond compliance.
Sector Guides
Product-category readiness, sector timelines, and the DPP signals worth monitoring first.
Battery Passport: Cells, Modules or the Finished Battery?
When cells, modules and storage systems need a battery passport, how the 2 kWh threshold works, and who is responsible for assembly and imports.
Construction Products and DPP: ESPR Monitoring vs CPR Path Explained
How to read construction-product DPP readiness safely: the sector's place under ESPR, CPR signals, and what is still not finally settled.
Technical Setup
Service providers, data architecture, identifiers, and implementation choices behind a DPP system.
DPP Registry vs Decentralized Data: What the EU Registry Stores
EU DPP Registry rules are adopted: what it stores, why passport data remains decentralized, and how API, verification and versioning work.
DPP Service Provider Requirements: EU Rules for Platforms
What the EU delegated-act process means for DPP platforms: governance, portability, backup, access control, and certification.
EPREL vs the DPP Registry: How the Two EU Registries Connect
EPREL registers energy and tyre labels; the now-regulated ESPR DPP Registry indexes passports. How the two differ, and how a June 2026 proposal could link them.