Battery Passport — EU DPP for Batteries
Batteries are the first product group for which passport obligations are already defined in sector-specific EU law. From 18 February 2027, the battery passport scope covers EV batteries, industrial batteries above 2 kWh, and LMT batteries above 2 kWh.
Battery passport obligations start on 18 February 2027 for covered battery categories.
Regulatory Timeline
2023
EU Battery Regulation enters into force
Regulation (EU) 2023/1542 establishes comprehensive rules for batteries, including the battery passport requirement.
2025
Carbon footprint declaration required
EV and industrial batteries must include a carbon footprint declaration. This is a precursor to the full battery passport.
2025
Carbon footprint performance class labels
Batteries must display carbon footprint performance class labels, enabling comparison between products.
2027
Battery passport obligations apply
Passport requirements apply to EV batteries, industrial batteries above 2 kWh, and LMT batteries above 2 kWh.
2031
Recycled content targets
Mandatory minimum recycled content levels for cobalt, lead, lithium, and nickel in new batteries.
Battery Passport Data Requirements
Battery Chemistry
Detailed composition including cathode and anode materials, electrolyte type, and hazardous substance declarations.
Carbon Footprint
Lifecycle carbon footprint declaration per kWh, calculated according to the EU methodology.
Recycled Content
Percentage of recycled cobalt, lead, lithium, and nickel used in manufacturing.
State of Health (SoH)
Real-time battery state of health data, remaining capacity, and expected remaining useful life.
Due Diligence
Supply chain due diligence information covering raw material sourcing and responsible mining practices.
Performance & Durability
Energy capacity, cycle life, charging rates, and performance degradation data over time.
Which Batteries Are Covered?
Under Regulation (EU) 2023/1542, the battery passport applies to covered battery categories placed on the EU market, notably:
- Industrial batteries above 2 kWh — used in energy storage systems, data centres, and industrial applications
- EV batteries — traction batteries for electric vehicles (BEV, PHEV)
- LMT batteries above 2 kWh — light means of transport such as e-bikes and e-scooters
Portable batteries (AA, AAA, button cells) are not currently required to have a battery passport, but they are subject to other Battery Regulation requirements such as collection targets and recycled content.
The regulation affects manufacturers, importers, and distributors. Each covered battery must have a unique identifier linked to its passport data and made available through the data carrier required by the applicable rules.